|
Allegany County is a county located in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, the population was 75,087.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/24/24001.html )〕 Its county seat is Cumberland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 The name ''Allegany'' may come from a local Lenape word, ''welhik hane''〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=welhik )〕〔"Heckewelder here does not give the strict meaning of ''hanne''. The word in common use among Algonkin (Algonquian ) tribes for river is ''sipu'', and this includes the idea of 'a stream of flowing water'. But in the mountainous parts of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia ''sipu'' did not sufficiently convey the idea of a rapid stream, roaring down mountain gorges, and ''hanne'' takes its place to designate not a mere ''sipu'', or flowing river, but a rapid mountain stream." 〕 or ''oolikhanna,'' which means 'best flowing river of the hills' or 'beautiful stream'.〔Alleghany, or as some prefer to write it, Allegheny,—the Algonkin name of the Ohio River, but now restricted to one of its branches,—is probably (Delaware) ''welhik-hanné'' or ''()lik-hanné'', 'the best (or, the fairest) river.' ''Welhik'' (as Zeisberger wrote it) is the inanimate form of the adjectival, meaning 'best,' 'most beautiful.' In his Vocabulary, Zeisberger gave this synthesis, with slight change of orthography, as "''Wulach'neü''" '', as Eliot would have written it,] with the free translation, "a fine River, without Falls." The name was indeed more likely to belong to rivers 'without falls' or other obstruction to the passage of canoes, but its literal meaning is, as its composition shows, "best rapid-stream," or "finest rapid-stream;" "La Belle Riviere" of the French, and the ''Oue-yo´'' or ''O hee´ yo Gä-hun´-dä'', "good river" or "the beautiful river," of the Senecas. For this translation of the name we have very respectable authority,—that of Christian Frederick Post, a Moravian of Pennsylvania, who lived seventeen years with the Muhhekan Indians and was twice married among them, and whose knowledge of the Indian languages enabled him to render important services to the colony, as a negotiator with the Delawares and Shawanese of the Ohio, in the French war. In his "Journal from Philadelphia to the Ohio" in 1758, after mention of the 'Alleghenny' river, he says: "The Ohio, as it is called by the Sennecas. ''Alleghenny'' is the name of the same river in the Delaware language. Both words signify the fine or fair river." La Metairie, the notary of La Salle's expedition, "calls the Ohio, the ''Olighinsipou'', or ''Aleghin''; evidently an Algonkin name,"—as Dr. Shea remarks. Heckewelder says that the Delawares "still call the Allegany (Ohio) river, ''Alligéwi Sipu'',"—"the river of the Alligewi" as he chooses to translate it. In one form, we have ''wulik-hannésipu'', 'best rapid-stream long-river;' in the other, ''wuliké-sipu'', 'best long-river.' Heckewelder's derivation of the name, on the authority of a Delaware legend, from the mythic 'Alligewi' or 'Talligewi,'—"a race of Indians said to have once inhabited that country," who, after great battles fought in pre-historic times, were driven from it by the all-conquering Delawares,—is of no value, unless supported by other testimony. 〕 A number of counties in the Appalachian region of the US are named ''Allegany'', ''Allegheny'', or ''Alleghany''. Allegany County is part of the Cumberland, MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is a part of the Western Maryland "panhandle". ==History== The western part of Maryland (including the present Allegany County) was originally part of Prince George's County when Maryland was formed in 1696.〔Thomas, James W. and Williams, Thomas J.C. ''History of Allegany County, Maryland.'' Baltimore, Md.: Regional Publishing Co., 1969, p. 289.〕 This county included six current counties, and by repeated splitting, new ones were generated: Frederick from Prince George's in 1748;〔Bentley, Elizabeth Petty. ''County Courthouse Book.'' Baltimore, Md.: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2009, p. 128.〕 and Montgomery and Washington from Frederick in 1776.〔Bentley, Elizabeth Petty. ''County Courthouse Book.'' Baltimore, Md.: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2009, p. 129.〕 Allegany County was formed in 1789 by the splitting of Washington County.〔Bentley, Elizabeth Petty. ''County Courthouse Book.'' Baltimore, Md.: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2009, p. 126.〕 At the time it was the westernmost county in Maryland, but a split in 1872 produced Garrett County, the current westernmost county.〔 Prior to 1789, the Virginia Commonwealth claimed the area of present-day Garrett and Allegheny Counties, of Maryland. A 1771-1780 map of Virginias counties, shows Hampshire County, but the Virginia State boundary has Hampshire outside that boundary line. When conducting genealogical research, it is possible to find tax records for Hampshire County, Virginia included in Maryland records, and Maryland records in Hampshire County... Hampshire County was formed in 1758 by the Virginia Commonwealth and at its founding, included the present day counties of Garrett & Allegheny Counties in Maryland, and Hardy, Grant, Mineral, and part of Morgan Counties in what is now West Virginia. Ref. Virginia Counties Map of 1771-1780; Henry Howe's 1845 History of Virginia. The county has a number of properties on the National Register of Historic Places. Allegany County is often referred to as "Where the South Begins." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Allegany County, Maryland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|